In India, some of the C & D waste is re-utilized and recycled (near about 50%) while the remaining is generally land-filled. Characterization findings on C & D waste are …
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The organic carbon in the waste is assumed to decay exponentially with time. The degradation of organic material can be described as an n th order reaction equation: (2) − d C d t = k 1 · C n. For a first-order model, n = 1 and k 1 is the rate of degradation per year. In that case, the rate of loss of the decomposable matter is ...
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Characteristic of municipal solid waste in India . 2. Waste Characterization . Waste is described as discarded material that does not have no further use to the primary user. Waste exists in different forms like solid, semi-solid, liquid and gas. Based on its nature and source of origin it is categorized as municipal waste, hazardous waste ...
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The total quantity of Solid waste generated in the country is 160038.9 TPD of which 152749.5 TPD of waste is collected at a collection efficiency of 95.4%. 79956.3 TPD (50 %) of waste is treated and 29427.2 (18.4%) TPD is landfilled. 50655.4 TPD which is 31.7 % of the total waste generated remains un-accounted. State-wise details of solid waste
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It is also projected by an independent organization (Development Alternatives) [4] that in India, the amount of C&D waste generation is 750 million tonnes annually. Therefore, the credibility of the data regarding estimation of construction and demolition waste in India is low as there are very high variations in data reports.
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The impacts of poor waste management on public health are well documented, with increased incidences of nose and throat infections, breathing difficulties, inflammation, bacterial infections, anaemia, reduced immunity, allergies, asthma and other infections [ 40 ]. 4. Engineered landfills in India.
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Fig. 1: Physical composition of municipal solid waste in India, 2018. 4.3 Collection and T ransportation. Efficient and systematic waste collection and transportation are crucial components of solid .
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K.P. Ramaswamy. Add to Mendeley. https://doi/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.410 Get rights and content. Abstract. The large …
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Characterisation study of C&D waste in India by TIFAC (2001) shows that most fractions including bulky material (concrete, bricks) and fines (sand, excavation soil) are …
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C&D waste generation in India3.1. C&D waste generation and characterization. It is very challenging to get exact data on waste generation. But in general, it can be evaluated based on the design and procurement of the construction materials (Jain, 2019). The components of C&D waste in India can be classified into 2 …
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1.. IntroductionRapidly growing populations, rapid economic growth and rise in community living standards have accelerated the generation rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) causing its management to be a major worldwide challenge (Seo et al., 2004).Particularly in urban cities of developing countries, MSW management (MSWM) is …
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The following describes a basic process by which a municipal solid waste characterization could be conducted. 2. METHODOLOGY 2.1 Waste Characterization - For characterization purposes, representative sampling is an established practice for accurately determining waste quantities and waste characteristics for planning purposes.
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Studies suggest that the MSW generated in India mostly consists of a large fraction of organic wastes (40–60%), 3–6% paper waste, and 30–40% ash and fine earth material waste, with smaller ...
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Characteristics of the waste. C&D waste is an inert waste, over 90 per cent of which can be easily reused or recycled. A study by Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) in 2001 noted that C&D waste.
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The soil used to test in this study is the locally available sandy soil collected from an excavation site, Jaipur city of India. Figure 1 presents the two types of C&D waste materials (Concrete waste and brick masonry waste) collected from the waste dumping site, Jaipur city. The waste collected from the dumping site is not in the condition to use …
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1 Introduction. Globally and in India, solid waste management is now a major environmental concern. It is now well-known that increase in the total amount of waste generated is directly proportionate to population growth and economic development. Municipal solid waste (MSW) includes refuse from s, waste from commercial …
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This C&D waste includes waste from demolished structures, renovations in the real estate sector and construction and repair of roads, flyovers, bridges, etc. In addition, the debris that follows disasters such as that during the Uttarakhand floods in 2013, Chennai floods in 2015 is enormous. The codal provisions of construction …
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1. Introduction. Wastes are materials or objects that are discarded or disposed-off or intended for disposal (UNEP/GRID-Arendal, 2011).Solid wastes could be garbage or discarded substances and objects gotten from industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural, general day to day activities, and a comprehensive list of such items can be …
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Rapid infrastructure development has led to an enormous demand for cement and a huge production of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. The ever-growing demand for cement is leading to a very high amount of CO 2 emissions in the atmosphere. This research article focuses on addressing these two major issues of CO 2 emission …
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The comprehensive characterization of C&D waste collected from two waste generation sites in India were carried out. The material analysed has different …
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In New Delhi (the capital city of India), around 4000 tons of C&D waste is being generated every day. On an average, around 2000 TPD of waste is being dumped in the corporation run landfills. The remaining waste gets dumped in unauthorized sites such as on river beds, low lying areas, and roadsides, which pose several downstream issues …
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C&DWaste Management Rules, 2016 require all states to implement a policy and each city with a population of 500,000 to have established a functional waste processing facility by March 2019. This analysis concluded that compliance was less than a fifth (20%), i.e. only six out of thirty-six states and union territories had issued a policy or a ...
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India, some components of C&D waste, like bricks, tiles, wood, metal, are reused and recycled; whereas concrete rubble and masonry constituting about 50 – 60% …
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An integrated solid waste management system is an effective method for controlling the huge volumes of solid waste generated in urban locales in India. The success of the integrated solid waste management system depends upon the amount and type generated from different sources for better facilitating of the appropriate …
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Characterization of the existing municipal solid waste (MSW) in Jalandhar, India, has been performed to evaluate its suitability for various waste-processing technologies. The predominance of open ...
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of strict policies on waste segregation [1 ]. India is culturally diverse country having dierent life-style and food habits in each state and cities. Indian waste ... systemic large scale waste characterization of the fresh MSW from Ahmedabad city to select the suitable waste treatment technology and (2) to analyze data for under- ...
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Status of C&D Waste Recycling in India. September 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51350-4_11. In book: Sustainable Environmental Geotechnics, Proceedings of EGRWSE 2019 (pp.95-105) Authors:...
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It is one of the clean cities of India with effective and robust waste management system. Bhopal has a humid sub-tropical climate, with dry and cool winters, hot summer and humid monsoon season. ... The waste characterization undertaken between 2010 and 2012 from 201 samples concluded that Ahmedabad city's waste …
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Characterisation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is important for adequate decision making in the management strategy of urban MSW of a city. The objective of this study was to characterise the MSW at a landfill of Pune city, India and suggest appropriate MSW management methods. The investigations showed that biological treatment of …
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Composition of C & D Waste in India: Construction and Demolition waste are mainly composed of the materials in the chart mentioned below: Fig 4. Typical composition of …
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