The roll deformation model of the six-high rolling mill is one of the core models of the strip shape control theory. The influence function method (IFM) is a numerical method applied to solve the roll deformation problem. This study aims to address the problems of slow calculation speed and insufficient calculation accuracy of IFM in …
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Thermal diffusivity of work rolls in roughing mill: 7.3 × 10 −6 m 2 s −1: Thermal conductivity of work rolls in roughing mill: 23.8 W m −1 K −1: Bulk temperature of work rolls in roughing mill: 60 °CScale thickness at the exit from roughing mill: 20 μmStrip emissivity outside descaler [32] 0.85: Strip emissivity in descaler: 0.75
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Abstract: Industrial mill logs from seven different hot strip mills (HSMs) were analyzed in order to calculate the mean flow stresses (MFSs) developed in each stand. The schedules were typical of the processing of microalloyed Nb, multiply-alloyed Cr-Mo, and plain C-Mn steels. The calculations, based on the Sims analysis, take into account work roll …
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Yield On Cost - YOC: Yield on Cost (YOC) is the annual dividend rate of a security, divided by its average cost basis . (Here, cost basis is defined as original or purchase price of the security ...
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The internal target of bringing down the number of cobbles per month in single digit was taken. This also helped in improving the maintenance practice and reducing the amount of delays ...
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rolled to a thickness of 60 mm in a single pass. A two-high non-reversing rolling mill (shown below) with 750 mm diameter rolls made of tool steel is available for this task. The rolling mill has a power capacity of 5 MW per roll. The rolls rotate at a constant angular speed of 100 rev/min. The steel work material has the following flow curve at
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A, n and α are constants. For the finishing stands of the hot strip mill, this law can be simplified to the so called high stress law, if ασmax >1.2, which states: (3) ɛ σ = 1 α n ( ln ɛ ′ + Q / R T + A ′) Typically, n is of the order of 5 and α ∼0.01, i.e. the strain rate dependence of flow stress (1/ αn) is of the order of 20 N ...
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All the analysis proved to be helpful for the future prevention of the similar kind of failure. The internal target of bringing down the number of cobbles per month in single digit was taken. This also helped in improving the maintenance practice and reducing the amount of delays significantly. The yield was improved by 0.93%.
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The Calculation of Roll Force and Torque in Hot Rolling Mills. R. B. Sims. Published 1 June 1954. Engineering, Materials Science. Equations are derived for the normal roll pressure, specific roll load and torque in hot rolling mills, using the condition for plastic deformation in rolling derived by Orowan, together with von K...
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3.2 Direct Calculation of Force. 3.2.1 CMn steels. The number of coils belonging to this steel family. amounted 13620, with the following chemistry ranges: C: 0.01% ~ 0.23%; Mn: 0.12% ~ 1.66%; B ...
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In a cold rolling mill for instance, if the input – regularly called a charge weight – is a hundred tons of hot rolled coil, and the output is 95 tons of cold-rolled steel, the yield performance equals 95%. Classic yield loss values are: 3.5% in hot rolled steel coil production (slab to hot rolled coil) 5 % in rebar production (for billet ...
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A wide variety of factors can affect the cost of roll usage. For the hot strip mill, these include: • Roll price. • Roll performance: ... and divided by the tons rolled to yield a …
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Abstract The results of mastering hot rolling under conditions of a continuous wide-band mill 2000 of Severstal PJSC of coiled steel Powerform 700 have been presented with a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 1270 mm, supplied to the engineering industry for elements of lifting equipment and heavy automotive industry. The results of calculation …
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1. Bond Yield Calculation Tutorial Assumptions. In our illustrative exercise, we'll calculate the yield on a bond using each of the metrics discussed earlier. Suppose the bond issuance has a maturity of five years, and the financing was finalized on 12/31/2021 with the first call date two years after the settlement date. Settlement Date → ...
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The current dividend yield of the stock is $0.50 / $20 = 2.5%. But the yield on cost, i.e. the yield on your investment, is $0.50 / $10 = 5%. Now assume that XYZ boosts its divided to $1 per share. Your yield on cost has increased to $1 / $10 = 10%, and the current yield is now $1 / $20 = 5%. If the number of shares you own doesn't change ...
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With the aid of processing data from the Ispat-Inland hot strip mill, the "measured mean flow stresses" are calculated from the mill force using the Sims analysis and taking into account roll ...
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In steel industry hot rolling is an energy-intensive process as steel slabs need to be heated to about 1,250 (^circ )C before being rolled on the hot strip mill.
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The temperature field of strip steel is modeled with a 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) structure, simultaneously considering the distribution of the work roll temperature. Then the distribution ...
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A slab transition cost function comprised of the hot rolling process objectives is formalized. The objective of the optimization is to generate a complete block sequence which …
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The cobble generation at the hot strip mill at HSM, RSP has been reduced from 0.47%. in 2016-17 to 0.25% during April-December, 2017 due to modified side guide. measurement system, thermovision ...
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The first major operation in the hot rolling mill is the reheating of s lab or billet. There is a lot to be. said about reheating furnaces, both …
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Temperature stands out as a crucial parameter in the production process of hot-rolled strip steel [1,2].The accurate prediction of the temperature field, of the roll, …
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tions, weight of hot-rolled coils before welding, and thickness and width of rolled strip. For mills of the main types, the limiting rolling speeds were determined, exceeding which leads to a decrease in the mill productivity. Keywords: rolling mill, rolling speed, coil weight, mill productivity, strip thickness and width DOI: 10.3103 ...
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Strip steel with a continuous coil thickness of about 20 mm or less (the maximum thickness is generally 25.4 mm) and with a width less than 600 mm is narrow …
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The first major operation in the hot rolling mill is the reheating of slab or billet. ... cost and metal yield. About 30% of the variable cost to transfer a slab into a hot rolled coil is spent on ...
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The range of HSMs for the rolling of hot rolled coils has undergone significant changes in the last few decades with minimum thickness of the hot rolled strips has been decreased from 1.8 mm to 2 mm to 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. The strips of such thickness were earlier produced only in the cold rolling mills.
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Since we have the two inputs needed to calculate the yield on cost, we can divide our stabilized net operating income (NOI) by the total cost of the development project to arrive at an implied yield on cost of 6.0%. Yield on Cost (YoC) = $2.4 million ÷ $40 million = 6.0%. Ultimately, the real estate investor's decision on the property ...
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In this paper, an inverse analysis technique is used to obtain the flow curve of materials in a hot rolling finishing mill. This technique is based on minimization of the differences between the experimental and computed values. The flow curves and the friction coefficients at roll/work-piece interface are derived from two different models. Model I is …
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Yield strength. The main factor influencing the rolling force required to reduce the thickness of strip in a rolling mill is the yield strength of the material being rolled. The calculation of yield strength depends upon a wide range of factors. These are: composition; previous work done on the material; thermal history; speed of rolling ...
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trol of hot strip rolling, and its computational accuracy directly determines thickness precision, strip shape quality, and rolling stability.1,2 Therefore, getting a more accurate roll force has received substantial atten-tion among researchers worldwide.3,4 During hot strip rolling process, the strip is rolled at 1050 C–850 C. In
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