Fig. 1 displays XRD patterns for the copper slag, steel slag, chlorinated sample, and reduced sample. The copper slag mainly comprises fayalite (Fe 2 SiO 4), ferrous oxide (FeO) and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4); the steel slag is mainly composed of dicalcium silicate (Ca 2 SiO 4), tricalcium silicate (Ca 3 SiO 5) and calcium ferrite (Ca 2 …
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This fraction is significant because it affects heavily on the copper recovery during the slag cleaning phase. Basically, the fraction of oxide copper is dependent on the amount of sulfur present, which was kept fixed at 0.9%. The higher the oxidation degree and thus the copper content in slag, the higher the oxidized copper content as a ...
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The copper smelter slags are highly heterogeneous and chemically diverse (Table 2).The bulk chemical composition of copper slags mainly depends on the metallurgical processes from which they are derived, which are determined by type of concentrate, type of fluxes, type of furnaces and cooling rates (Gbor et al., 2000, 2003; …
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Converter copper slag can be viewed as an important secondary resource for valuable metals, considering its high commercial value. The current research investigates the recycling of copper by a combination of theoretical and experimental methods. Based on a modified Stokes equation, it was determined that copper droplets in the molten …
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The maximum recovery of copper in alloy phase was obtained with 5% (by weight) initial carbon in the feed, 2% (by weight) CaO addition to the slag and a reducing …
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Copper slag is an acid slag mainly composed of Fe 2 SiO 4 and CaFeSi 2 O 6, which is classified as solid waste in the copper smelting industry (Li et al., 2019). In China, 2.2–3.0 tons of copper slag were produced per ton of refined copper, and tens of millions of tons of copper slag were released into the environment every year (Zhou et al ...
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Secondary copper blast furnace slag was treated with carbon to derive the conditions for maximum recovery of copper with minimum simultaneous reduction of iron oxide. Experiments were carried out to study the effects of parameters such as temperature, carbon addition and CaO addition to the slag on the efficient recovery of copper. A two …
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Copper slag is a by-product obtained during smelting and refining of copper. Copper smelting slag typically contains about 1 wt.% copper and 40 wt.% iron depending upon the initial ore quality and the furnace type. Main components of copper slag are iron oxide and silica. These exist in copper slag mainly in the form of fayalite (2FeO ·SiO 2).
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In some plants, flash smelting furnace slag (1.6-2 % Cu) and converter slag (5-7 % Cu) are cleaned in an electric arc furnace, where coke is used as a reductant and copper content of waste slag ...
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Recover Copper from Reverberatory Furnace Slag. Laboratory and pilot plant investigations have indicated that copper recoveries of 50% can be achieved with fine grinding and flotation of a copper reverberatory furnace slag. Microscopic and microprobe studies indicate that the recoverable copper is in the form of matte, chalcocite, and …
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The leaching tests for copper slag and copper tailing were performed following TCLP (EPA, 2009), as listed in Table 5. According to the leaching test result of copper slag, all the heavy metal components are below the threshold from the US EPA (EPA, 2009). However, the leaching test results of copper tailing exceed the safe limits.
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The chemical composition of copper slag varies with the type of furnace. The typical composition of smelting slags is Fe (as FeO, Fe 3 O 4) 30–40%; SiO 2 35–40%; Al 2 O 3 …
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During the pyrometallurgical extraction of copper, a significant source of copper loss is discarded slag. In 2021, the global smelter production of copper reached …
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Air-cooled copper slag has a black colour and glassy appearance. The specific gravity varies with iron content, from a low of 2.8 to as high as 3.8. The unit weight of copper slag is somewhat higher than that of conventional aggregate. The absorption capacity of the material is typically very low (0.13%).
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Sarfo et al. (2017) carried out carbothermal reduction process of copper slag (from the United States) by mixing 12.5% carbon with copper slag and reacting at 1420 °C for 0.75 h. The initial copper slag is reduced to low-grade pig iron with the recovery efficiency of up to 90% (Sarfo et al., 2017). However, non-ferrous metal elements can …
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Reduction of copper oxide is an important step of metal recovery and slag cleaning in copper production. This can be achieved by slag treatment with injected reducing agents. We present a ...
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The slags produced from the NCS furnaces (TSL furnace, copper converter, reverberatory furnace) contain copper ranging between 0.8 to 5% w/w. Due …
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After cooling by the slag conveyor, the copper concentrate containing 29.44% copper and 30.39% iron and the iron concentrate containing 46.93% iron and 0.4% copper are obtained by the combined process of magnetic separation and flotation. The process flow is shown in Fig. 3 (Zhou et al., 2014).
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The furnace is equipped with one slag tap-hole located at an elevation of 1550 mm above the hearth. Slag skimming is performed through a water-cooled copper block installed in one of the copper cooling elements. The original slag launder was lined with refractory and required frequent cleaning and refractory repair.
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Conclusions. For separating copper from reverberatory slag with a copper content of about 1%, flotation was used, and in one stage flotation a recovery of 72% to a concentrate containing 12.6% copper was achieved. Application of R407 at a concentration of 30 g/t gave the highest separation efficiency. MIBC at a concentration of 35 g/t …
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During the pyrometallurgical extraction of copper, a significant source of copper loss is discarded slag. In 2021, the global smelter production of copper reached 21.4 million tons [], and the slag produced was approximately 2.2 tons per ton of copper [].The most considerable amounts of slag come from the smelting furnace and often …
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In this study, copper slag (CS) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) were used to replace cement to address the low activity of CS, which limits its large-scale utilization. The dissolution characteristics, compressive strength, hydration products, and microstructure of the composite cementitious materials containing CS and GBFS were ...
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The typical phase composition of copper slags is summarised in Table 2.Many variations in the phase composition of copper slags can be observed because of …
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In view of the non-renewable reductant resources and carbon neutralization in the process of copper slag cleaning in an electric furnace, this study proposed to use waste cooking oil as reductant to replace fossil energy. Combined with the phase equilibrium theory and experimental results, the harm of excessive magnetite in the copper smelting …
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of copper from the slag. Experimental Materials. Industrial copper blast furnace slag was used in this study. Slag sampIes received from the furnace were crushed to less than 3 mm, and 100-g slag sampIes were prepared by means of mechanical splitting. Carbon in the form of graphite powder (-200 mesh, 74 fim) containing greater than 99% fixed
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During the pyrometallurgical extraction of copper, a significant fraction of this metal is lost with discard slag, which decreases profits and overall copper recovery. …
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Fig. 1 displays XRD patterns for the copper slag, steel slag, chlorinated sample, and reduced sample. The copper slag mainly comprises fayalite (Fe 2 SiO 4), …
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A recovery ratio of 97.47% Cu in the copper phase was obtained at a lower temperature and shorter duration compared to the pyrometallurgy methods. Wang et al. [ 104, 105] also attempted to separate fine copper droplets from copper matte smelting slag by utilizing super-gravity.
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The blast furnace is the dominant high-temperature reactor in the modern ironmaking industry. Iron oxide in iron ores can be converted to metallic iron through blast furnace smelting, and this high-temperature melting can be used to separate the molten iron from the gangue components. The formation and thickness of the hot-surface slag crust …
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The use of ammonium acetate solutions with a concentration of 5 mol/dm 3 leads to leaching from the slag over 80% of the copper contained in it after 90 min of the process carried out at a ...
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